AI tools for clinical practice

Evidence reviews of 99 AI tools physicians meet in practice, in 16 categories, each graded on what published studies show.

Evidence current to ยท How we grade

99 tools

Ambient scribes and inbox drafts8

  • Grade A
    Abridge Abridge AI

    Ambient AI scribe that listens to clinician-patient visits and drafts a structured note for the clinician to review.

  • Grade B
    Ambience Ambience Healthcare

    Ambient AI scribe that drafts encounter notes in the electronic health record from recorded clinician-patient conversations for clinician review.

  • Grade D
    Commure Ambient Commure

    Ambient AI documentation tool that records clinician-patient encounters and drafts clinical notes for clinicians to review and sign.

  • Grade B
    Epic In Basket draft replies Epic Systems

    Generative AI in Epic's In Basket that drafts replies to patient portal messages for clinicians to edit.

  • Grade B
    Heidi Health

    Ambient AI scribe from an Australian company that drafts notes, discharge summaries and letters from recorded consultations for clinician review.

  • Grade B
    Microsoft Dragon Copilot Microsoft

    Microsoft's ambient AI scribe and dictation assistant, which drafts notes from recorded clinician-patient conversations.

  • Grade A
    Nabla

    Ambient AI assistant that captures the clinician-patient conversation and generates a structured clinical note.

  • Grade D
    Suki Assistant Suki AI

    AI assistant and ambient scribe that drafts structured clinical notes from recorded encounters inside the electronic health record.

Clinical questions and evidence search10

  • Grade C
    AMBOSS AI AMBOSS

    AI question-answering features of AMBOSS, the clinician-curated medical knowledge platform and question bank used by medical students and physicians.

  • Grade C
    ChatGPT OpenAI Caution

    OpenAI's general-purpose chatbot, used by clinicians for clinical questions, with versions for individual clinicians and health systems.

  • Grade C
    Claude Anthropic Caution

    Anthropic's general-purpose AI chatbot and the Claude family of large language models behind it, tested on clinical questions.

  • Grade C
    ClinicalKey AI Elsevier

    Elsevier's clinical reference tool that answers clinicians' questions with generated summaries citing a curated set of medical content.

  • Grade C
    Doximity GPT Doximity

    Writing and question-answering chatbot for clinicians on the Doximity professional network, described in 2025 as using OpenAI's GPT-4.

  • Grade C
    Dyna AI EBSCO Information Services

    EBSCO's generative AI chatbot that answers clinicians' questions, from the company that publishes the DynaMed clinical reference.

  • Grade C
    Glass Health

    AI clinical decision support tool that generates differential diagnoses and answers clinical questions from a clinician's case description.

  • Grade C
    Google Gemini Google Caution

    Google's general-purpose AI chatbot and the Gemini family of large language models behind it, tested on clinical questions and cases.

  • Grade C
    OpenEvidence

    AI search tool that answers clinicians' questions with a summary of the medical literature and citations.

  • Grade C
    UpToDate Expert AI Wolters Kluwer Health

    Generative AI chat feature in UpToDate that answers clinical questions from UpToDate's expert-authored, peer-reviewed content.

Patient-facing chatbots and agents6

  • Grade C
    Ada Ada Health Caution

    AI symptom-assessment chatbot for consumers that suggests possible conditions and how urgently to seek care.

  • Grade C
    Buoy Buoy Health

    Free online symptom checking chatbot that asks about a user's symptoms and suggests possible causes and a level of care.

  • Grade C
    Doctronic

    Publicly accessible AI symptom assessment platform that takes a description of symptoms and suggests possible diagnoses and next steps.

  • Grade D
    Hippocratic AI care agents Hippocratic AI

    Generative AI voice agents that make and take patient calls for health systems, from scheduling to follow-up.

  • Grade B
    Infermedica

    Symptom assessment and triage engine, also offered to consumers as Symptomate, that recommends a level of care.

  • Grade C
    K Health

    AI chat intake that interviews patients before a visit and suggests possible diagnoses and management to the clinician.

Mental health chatbots4

  • Grade D
    Ash Slingshot AI

    Consumer conversational AI for mental health support, built on a psychology foundation model trained on psychotherapy data.

  • Grade B
    Limbic Access Limbic grade for Limbic Access

    Self-referral chatbot for NHS Talking Therapies that gathers symptoms and risk and sends clinicians a structured referral report.

  • Grade B
    Woebot Woebot Health

    Text-based chatbot for cognitive behavioral therapy whose trials are widely cited; the consumer app was withdrawn in June 2025.

  • Grade B
    Wysa

    Chatbot app that delivers cognitive behavioral therapy exercises, mindfulness and sleep tools, with optional human counselors.

Imaging: stroke and emergencies7

  • Grade B
    Aidoc Aidoc Medical Caution

    Flags suspected hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism, fractures and other urgent CT findings and moves them up the radiologist's worklist.

  • Grade C
    Avicenna.AI CINA Avicenna.AI grade for CINA head CT and CT angiography triage Caution

    Triage software that flags suspected intracranial hemorrhage on head CT and large vessel occlusion on CT angiography.

  • Grade B
    Brainomix 360 Stroke Brainomix Caution

    Software that scores early ischemic change on head CT and flags suspected large vessel occlusion for stroke teams.

  • Grade B
    Methinks Stroke Suite Methinks Software

    Software that flags suspected large vessel occlusion and hemorrhage on noncontrast CT and CT angiography in stroke.

  • Grade B
    qER Qure.ai grade for qER (noncontrast head CT)

    Software that flags hemorrhage, fractures, mass effect and midline shift on noncontrast head CT for prioritized reading.

  • Grade B
    RapidAI

    Estimates infarct core and tissue at risk on perfusion imaging and flags suspected large vessel occlusions.

  • Grade A
    Viz.ai grade for Viz LVO Caution

    Detects suspected large vessel occlusion stroke on CT angiograms and alerts the stroke team; other modules cover hemorrhage.

Imaging: fractures and bone4

  • Grade C
    AZmed Rayvolve AZmed Caution

    Software that marks suspected fractures on adult and pediatric limb and pelvis radiographs as a reading aid.

  • Grade B
    Gleamer BoneView Gleamer

    Software that marks suspected fractures, dislocations and effusions on trauma radiographs as a concurrent reading aid.

  • Grade C
    Imagen OsteoDetect and FractureDetect Imagen Technologies

    The first FDA-authorized AI software for fracture detection, marking suspected fractures on adult radiographs.

  • Grade B
    Nanox AI HealthVCF Nanox AI (formerly Zebra Medical Vision) grade for HealthVCF Caution

    Software that flags suspected vertebral compression fractures on chest and abdominal CT done for other reasons.

Imaging: cancer and tuberculosis screening11

  • Grade B
    Annalise Enterprise CXR Harrison.ai (Annalise.ai)

    Chest X-ray software that detects up to 124 findings, from lung nodules to pneumothorax, and flags urgent studies.

  • Grade C
    Clairity Allix5 Clairity

    Software that estimates a woman's five-year risk of breast cancer from a single screening mammogram.

  • Grade C
    ClearRead CT Riverain Technologies Caution

    Chest CT software that suppresses vessels on a companion image series and marks suspected lung nodules for radiologists.

  • Grade A
    Lunit INSIGHT CXR Lunit grade for lung nodule detection

    Reads chest X-rays and flags major thoracic abnormalities, including lung nodules, pneumothorax and pleural effusion.

  • Grade B
    Lunit INSIGHT MMG Lunit

    Scores 2D mammograms for likelihood of malignancy and highlights suspicious areas; can serve as an independent reader.

  • Grade B
    Mia Kheiron Medical Technologies Caution

    Software that reads 2D screening mammograms and gives a recall or no-recall opinion, used alongside double reading.

  • Grade C
    Optellum Virtual Nodule Clinic Optellum

    Software that scores incidentally found lung nodules on CT for malignancy risk and tracks them over time.

  • Grade B
    ProFound AI iCAD

    Software that marks suspicious soft tissue lesions and calcifications on breast tomosynthesis and scores each case for cancer.

  • Grade B
    qXR Qure.ai

    Reads chest X-rays for many findings and gives a tuberculosis score that selects people for confirmatory testing.

  • Grade C
    Saige-Dx DeepHealth (RadNet)

    Software that flags findings suspicious for cancer on breast tomosynthesis and assigns a suspicion level to each case.

  • Grade A
    Transpara ScreenPoint Medical

    Reads 2D mammograms and tomosynthesis, scores each exam's cancer risk and marks suspicious regions for the radiologist.

Imaging: reports and image quality4

  • Grade C
    AIR Recon DL GE HealthCare

    GE HealthCare's deep learning MRI reconstruction that removes noise and ringing artifacts from images.

  • Grade C
    DeepHealth ProstateAI Quantib B.V. (RadNet)

    Prostate MRI software that segments the gland and flags suspected cancer lesions for radiologists to review.

  • Grade D
    Rad AI

    Generative AI that drafts the impression section of a radiology report from the radiologist's findings.

  • Grade C
    SubtleMR Subtle Medical

    Vendor-neutral deep learning software that denoises and sharpens MRI images, used to shorten scan protocols.

Cardiology11

  • Grade B
    Anumana ECG-AI LEF Anumana

    Screens a routine 12-lead ECG for low ejection fraction in adults at risk for heart failure.

  • Grade B
    Apple Watch irregular rhythm notification and AFib History Apple grade for Irregular rhythm notification with the ECG app

    Over-the-counter smartwatch software that flags pulse irregularity suggestive of atrial fibrillation and estimates atrial fibrillation burden.

  • Grade B
    Caption Guidance GE HealthCare (Caption Health) Caution

    Real-time guidance software that coaches clinicians without echocardiography training to acquire diagnostic cardiac ultrasound views.

  • Grade C
    Cleerly

    Cloud software that measures coronary plaque volume, composition and stenosis on coronary CT angiograms.

  • Grade B
    Eko SENSORA Eko Health grade for low EF detection

    AI on Eko's ECG-enabled digital stethoscopes that flags low ejection fraction, structural murmurs and atrial fibrillation.

  • Grade C
    Elucid PlaqueIQ Elucid Bioimaging

    Software service that quantifies plaque and characterizes its tissue types, such as lipid-rich necrotic core, on CT angiograms.

  • Grade B
    HeartFlow FFRct and Plaque Analysis HeartFlow grade for FFRct

    Simulates coronary blood flow and measures plaque from a coronary CT angiogram, showing which narrowings limit flow.

  • Grade B
    KardiaMobile with Kardia AI AliveCor grade for KardiaMobile Caution

    Handheld single-lead ECG recorder that pairs with a smartphone and classifies rhythm strips automatically.

  • Grade C
    Tempus ECG-AF Tempus AI

    Software that reads a resting 12-lead ECG and flags patients 65 and older at increased one-year atrial fibrillation risk.

  • Grade C
    Ultromics EchoGo Heart Failure Ultromics grade for EchoGo Heart Failure

    Software that analyzes one apical four-chamber echocardiogram clip to flag heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

  • Grade C
    Us2.ai Us2.ai (Eko.Ai Pte. Ltd.)

    Software that automatically measures and reports transthoracic echocardiograms, from chamber sizes and ejection fraction to Doppler values.

Sepsis, deterioration and hypotension alerts8

  • Grade B
    Acumen Hypotension Prediction Index Edwards Lifesciences

    Software on the HemoSphere monitor that analyzes the arterial pressure waveform to predict hypotension minutes before it occurs.

  • Grade B
    Bayesian Health TREWS Bayesian Health

    Continuously monitors EHR data for hospital patients and flags those at risk of sepsis within 24 hours.

  • Grade C
    CLEWICU CLEW Medical

    Machine learning software that predicts hemodynamic instability in adult critical care patients and identifies those at low risk.

  • Grade B
    eCART AgileMD

    An early warning score that estimates ward patients' risk of death or ICU transfer and guides care teams.

  • Grade B
    Epic Deterioration Index Epic Systems

    A deterioration risk score built into Epic's electronic health record that predicts escalation of care for hospitalized adults.

  • Grade B
    Epic Sepsis Model Epic Systems Caution

    A sepsis risk score built into Epic's electronic health record that alerts clinicians above a hospital-set threshold.

  • Grade B
    Rothman Index Spacelabs Healthcare (FDA applicant: PeraHealth)

    A continuously updated acuity score computed from vital signs, nursing assessments and lab results to track hospitalized patients' condition.

  • Grade C
    Sepsis ImmunoScore Prenosis

    Combines 22 patient parameters, including sepsis biomarker levels, into a risk score for sepsis within 24 hours.

Neurology, development and sleep4

  • Grade B
    Canvas Dx Cognoa

    Prescription software that combines a caregiver questionnaire, home videos and a clinician questionnaire to aid autism diagnosis in young children.

  • Grade B
    Ceribell

    A rapid-setup, limited-montage EEG headband with AI software that estimates seizure burden and flags electrographic status epilepticus.

  • Grade C
    EnsoSleep EnsoData grade for EnsoSleep

    AI software that automatically scores sleep studies, staging sleep and detecting apneas, hypopneas, arousals and leg movements.

  • Grade C
    Persyst Persyst Development Caution

    EEG review software whose automated detectors mark possible seizures and spikes and display quantitative trends for clinicians.

Point-of-care screening6

  • Grade C
    AEYE-DS AEYE Health

    Autonomous AI that reads nonmydriatic retinal photographs for more-than-mild diabetic retinopathy, including from a handheld camera.

  • Grade B
    DERM Skin Analytics Caution

    AI that assesses dermoscopic images of suspicious skin lesions and recommends discharge or referral in NHS skin cancer pathways.

  • Grade C
    DermaSensor

    Handheld AI device for primary care that scans skin lesions with light to help decide on dermatology referral.

  • Grade C
    EyeArt Eyenuk

    Autonomous AI that grades retinal photographs for more-than-mild and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy.

  • Grade A
    LumineticsCore Digital Diagnostics Caution

    Autonomous AI that checks retinal photographs taken at the point of care for more-than-mild diabetic retinopathy.

  • Grade B
    SkinVision SkinVision B.V. Caution

    Consumer smartphone app that rates photographs of skin lesions as low or high risk for skin cancer.

Endoscopy and pathology8

  • Grade C
    AISight Dx PathAI

    Web-based digital pathology system for viewing and managing whole-slide images, cleared for pathologists' primary diagnosis.

  • Grade B
    CAD EYE Fujifilm

    Computer-aided detection software for Fujifilm endoscopy systems that flags possible colorectal polyps during colonoscopy in real time.

  • Grade B
    CADDIE Odin Medical

    Cloud-based computer-aided detection software that flags possible colorectal polyps during white-light colonoscopy.

  • Grade A
    EndoScreener Wision AI

    Software that detects polyps in the colonoscopy video in real time for the endoscopist to confirm.

  • Grade A
    GI Genius Medtronic Caution

    Computer-aided detection module that flags possible polyps on the colonoscopy video in real time.

  • Grade B
    Ibex Galen Ibex Medical Analytics grade for Galen Breast

    AI that reviews digitized pathology slides and flags tissue suspicious for cancer in breast and prostate biopsies.

  • Grade B
    Paige Prostate Detect Paige

    Software that flags areas suspicious for cancer on digitized prostate biopsy slides for the pathologist to review.

  • Grade B
    SKOUT Iterative Health

    Computer-aided detection software that flags possible colorectal polyps in real time during white-light colonoscopy.

Oncology and radiation therapy4

  • Grade C
    AI-Rad Companion Organs RT Siemens Healthineers

    Siemens Healthineers deep learning software that automatically contours organs at risk on CT and MR for radiotherapy planning.

  • Grade B
    ArteraAI Prostate Artera

    Digital pathology AI test that estimates metastasis and prostate cancer death risk from biopsy slides and clinical data.

  • Grade B
    Limbus Contour Limbus AI (Radformation)

    Deep learning auto-contouring software that drafts normal tissue contours on CT and MR for radiation treatment planning.

  • Grade C
    MVision Contour+ MVision AI

    Deep learning software that drafts organ and lymph node contours on CT and MR scans for radiotherapy planning.

Diabetes and chronic disease3

  • Grade B
    DreaMed Advisor Pro DreaMed Diabetes

    Decision-support software that analyzes glucose and insulin data and recommends insulin dose adjustments for clinicians to review.

  • Grade B
    KidneyIntelX Renalytix

    Machine learning blood test that sorts adults with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease into risks of progression.

  • Grade B
    Welldoc BlueStar Welldoc

    Prescription diabetes app that logs glucose and medications, sends automated coaching messages and reports to clinicians.

Prior authorization, coding and payer AI1

  • Grade B
    nH Predict naviHealth (Optum, UnitedHealth Group)

    Proprietary algorithm that predicts skilled nursing facility length of stay and guides post-acute care coverage decisions for Medicare Advantage insurers.

Reviews of the published evidence, not medical advice or an endorsement of any product.